"Vancouver is a significant metropolis in Western Canada, specifically in British Columbia's Lower Mainland area. According to the 2021 Canadian census, there were 662,248 residents in the city, which is the largest in the province, compared to 631,486 in 2016. With 2.6 million people in 2021, the Metro Vancouver region is the third-largest metropolis in Canada. The Lower Mainland, which includes the Fraser Valley and Greater Vancouver, has a regional population of over 3 million people. With more than 5,700 people per square kilometer (15,000/sq mi), Vancouver has the highest population density in Canada and the fourth highest in North America, behind New York City, San Francisco, and Mexico City. Vancouver is one of the most linguistically and ethnically diverse cities in Canada, with 54.5% of its population belonging to visible minority groups, 49.3% not being native English speakers, and 47.8% not speaking either French or English as their first language. It has consistently been listed among the most livable cities in Canada and the globe. Vancouver is also one of the priciest cities in the world and Canada when it comes to the affordability of housing. The urban planning design ideology of the city is known as Vancouverism. Numerous international conferences and events have been held in Vancouver, including the 1954 Commonwealth Games, UN Habitat I, Expo 86, APEC Canada 1997, the World Police and Fire Games in 1989 and 2009; several matches of 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, including the finals at BC Place in downtown Vancouver,and the 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics, which were held in Vancouver and Whistler, a resort town 125 kilometers (78 miles) north of the city. Greenpeace was established in Vancouver in 1969. In 2014, TED talks were established in the city as a permanent fixture. The city's name comes from George Vancouver, who gave several locations British names after he surveyed Burrard Inlet's inner harbor in 1792. The Dutch ""van Coevorden"" translates to someone from the town of Coevorden in the Netherlands, which is where the family name ""Vancouver"" comes from. The explorer's forebears ""from Coevorden"" came to England, giving rise to the name that would eventually become ""Vancouver."" Prior to 1850 According to archaeological records, the Vancouver region was already inhabited by Aboriginal people between 8,000 and 10,000 years ago. Numerous villages belonging to the Squamish, Musqueam, and Tsleil-Waututh (Burrard) tribes of the Coast Salish group were located in different areas of modern Vancouver, including Stanley Park, False Creek, Kitsilano, Point Grey, and the mouth of the Fraser River. Although José María Narváez of Spain discovered the coast of present-day Point Grey and portions of Burrard Inlet in 1791, Europeans first learned about the site of the future Vancouver during that expedition.

South Africa's legislative capital is Cape Town. It is the oldest city in the nation and the location of the South African Parliament. Cape Town is the largest city in the Western Cape and the second most populous city in the nation, after Johannesburg.The city is a part of the metropolitan municipality known as the City of Cape Town.Table Mountain, Cape Point, the city's harbor, and its natural environment in the Cape Floristic Region are some of its most well-known features. Numerous publications have ranked Cape Town as the world's greatest city and the finest place to go, including Time Out in 2025, The New York Times in 2014, and The Telegraph for the last eight years (2017–2025). With the greatest concentration of Cape Dutch-style buildings worldwide, Cape Town is renowned for its architectural legacy. Constantia, the historic government buildings in the Central Business District, and Long Street are the best examples of the Cape Dutch architectural style, which blends the architectural traditions of the Netherlands, Germany, France, and Indonesia. Mostert's Mill in Mowbray is the only fully operational windmill in South Africa. Constructed in 1796, it underwent restorations in 1935 and 1995. In 2014, the International Council of Societies of Industrial Design declared Cape Town the World Design Capital. Additionally, Cape Town is designated a "Design City" by the Creative Cities Network of UNESCO. Cape Town's biggest performing arts facility is the Artscape Theatre Centre. The 17th-century savory, sweet, spiced beef dish known as bobotie is one of the foods that originated in Cape Town or is associated with it. A sandwich stuffed with slap chips and other toppings, the Gatsby was initially offered in the Athlone area in 1976 and has since come to represent the city.A classic Cape Malay dessert, the koe'sister is characterized as a cake-like dumpling flavored with cinnamon and topped with a dusting of desiccated coconut. Table Mountain's mass and the chilly Benguela Current of the South Atlantic Ocean both locally alter Cape Town's Mediterranean climate. While the average high temperature is 70°F (21°C) in January and February and the average low temperature is 55°F (13°C) in July, the coast and mountain slopes experience colder weather. Freezing rarely happens. Rainfall occurs on 69 days of the year on average; the southern winter months of June through August account for roughly half of the 26 inches (660 millimeters) of yearly rainfall. Every year, almost five million tons of goods pass through the port of Cape Town. Although ships with a draft of more than 40 feet are not permitted to enter the port during low tide, interoceanic commerce benefits greatly from its dry dock and maintenance facilities. Container traffic is accommodated at the Ben Schoeman Dock.