"The Colorado River sculpted the Grand Canyon, a steep-sided canyon in Arizona, USA. The Grand Canyon reaches a depth of more than a mile (6,093 feet or 1,857 meters) and is 277 miles (446 km) long and up to 18 miles (29 km) wide. Grand Canyon National Park, Kaibab National Forest, Grand Canyon–Parashant National Monument, the Hualapai Indian Reservation, the Havasupai Indian Reservation, and the Navajo Nation all contain the canyon and its surrounding rim. President Theodore Roosevelt frequently traveled to the Grand Canyon region to hunt and take in the landscape, and he was a strong advocate for its preservation. Native Americans have lived in the region continuously for thousands of years, establishing settlements inside the canyon and its numerous caverns. The Grand Canyon was a sacred place to the Pueblo people, who visited it on pilgrimage.Arriving from Spain in 1540, García López de Cárdenas is the first European recorded to have seen the Grand Canyon. One of the six separate physiographic regions of the Colorado Plateau province, the Grand Canyon is a river valley in the Colorado Plateau that reveals uplifted Proterozoic and Paleozoic strata.The Grand Canyon is renowned for its breathtaking vastness and its complex and vibrant terrain, while not being the deepest canyon on land in the world (the Kali Gandaki Gorge in Nepal is far deeper). The thick sequence of old rocks that are exposed and well-preserved in the canyon walls makes it noteworthy geologically. Much of the early geologic history of the continent of North America is preserved in these rock layers. The Colorado River basin, which includes the Grand Canyon, formed during the last 70 million years.The geologic origins of the Grand Canyon and the Colorado River have been the subject of data collection, innovative ideas, and often controversial theories by scientists for more than 150 years. A complicated history involving the interaction of numerous geologic events and variables throughout time and in various locations may have contributed to the formation of the Grand Canyon and the Colorado River. The modern-day Four Corners region of the United States was the heart of the Native American society known as the Ancestral Puebloans. They were the earliest known inhabitants of the region surrounding the Grand Canyon. Although the contemporary Puebloan peoples do not favor the term, the cultural group has frequently been referred to as the Anasazi in archaeology.""Anasazi"" means ""enemy ancestors"" or ""alien ancestors"" in Navajo.

Covering 19,623 km2 (7,576 sq mi), Kruger National Park is located in the northeastern South African provinces of Mpumalanga and Limpopo. It stretches 65 km (40 mi) from east to west and 360 km (220 mi) from north to south. Skukuza is home to the administrative headquarters. The South African Republic's government first protected portions of the park in 1898, and in 1926 it was designated as the country's first national park. It is a part of the biosphere reserve known as the Kruger to Canyons Biosphere. Kruger National Park is home to all five of the big game creatures and boasts 147 species of large mammals, more than any other game reserve in Africa. Webcams have been installed to watch the wildlife. There are believed to be just 400 African wild dog packs in all of South Africa, and Kruger is home to packs of these endangered animals. There is a reasonably consistent group of bird species from the park's southern to central regions, but the mopane-dominated flatlands north of the Olifants show a fall in richness.The larger birds of prey, on the other hand, breed during the dry winter, when their prey is most exposed, whereas the majority of species breed during the summer, when rainfall sustain the majority of vegetable and animal food. In 1918, Kruger National Park was declared, and a commission was formed to oversee its development and planning. A government officer named Johannes Andries (Dries) de Ridder served as the commission's first secretary. After 44 years in charge of the Kruger Park, Warden James Stevenson-Hamilton retired on April 30, 1946. Colonel J. A. B. Sandenbergh of the South African Air Force took his post. The government forcibly removed the Makuleke people from the northern portion of the park in 1969, and approximately 1500 of them were relocated to territory in the south so that their original tribal lands could be incorporated into the larger Kruger National Park. The famed Big Five (lion, leopard, elephant, rhinoceros, and buffalo) are among the remarkably diverse species that makes Kruger National Park famous. The park, which spans about two million hectares, draws tourists from all around the world with its unmatched wildlife viewing opportunities.