Spain's northeastern coast is home to the city of Barcelona. It is the second most populated municipality in Spain and the capital and largest city of the Catalan autonomous community. Its urban area, which includes many neighboring municipalities in the province of Barcelona, is home to approximately 5.3 million people, making it the fifth most populous urban area in the European Union after Paris, the Ruhr region, Madrid, and Milan. Its city limits have a population of 1.6 million. Situated on the coast between the mouths of the rivers Llobregat and Besòs, and surrounded to the west by the Serra de Collserola mountain range, it is one of the biggest cities on the Mediterranean Sea. The Phoenicians or the Carthaginians, who maintained trading posts along the Catalonian coast, are said to have built Barcelona. Barcelona became the capital of the County of Barcelona during the Middle Ages. Barcelona, which remained the capital of the Principality of Catalonia, joined the Kingdom of Aragon to form the composite monarchy of the Crown of Aragon. It became the most important city in the Crown of Aragon and its main administrative and economic center, but it was soon overtaken by Valencia, which the Catalans had wrested from Moorish control, just before the dynastic union between the Crown of Castile and the Crown of Aragon in 1516. Barcelona became the epicenter of Catalan nationalism, momentarily joining France during the Reapers' War in the 17th century and again under Napoleon from 1812 to 1814. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, it saw industrialization and a number of worker movements. In 1931, it became the capital of Catalonia's autonomy, and from 1936 until its capture by the fascists in 1939, it served as the focal point of Catalonia's revolution during the Spanish Revolution. Barcelona once again served as the capital of an independent Catalonia following Spain's democratic transition in the 1970s. Barcelona's name is derived from the ancient Iberian Baŕkeno, which is recorded in an old coin inscription on the right side. It reads Barkeno in Iberian script, Barkinṓn in Levantine Iberian script, Βαρκιvώv in Ancient Greek sources, and Barcino, Barcilonum, and Barcenona in Latin. It's uncertain where the first population at the location of modern-day Barcelona came from. Various tombs and houses from before 5000 BC have been discovered among the remnants of an early settlement.Barcelona was founded by the mythical Hercules, according to Greek mythology. Barcelona hosted the Summer Olympics in 1992. What had previously been a predominantly industrial city is said to have undergone significant alterations as a result of these aftereffects. In order to prepare for the games, 3 km (2 mi) of beach were constructed and industrial buildings along the waterfront were removed. The city's road capacity expanded by 17%, its sewage processing capacity by 27%, and the number of additional beaches and green spaces by 78% as a result of new building. The number of hotel rooms in the city doubled between 1990 and 2004. More significantly, Barcelona's external image was altered, and by 2012, it was ranked fifth among European cities and 12th globally in terms of travel popularity.

Covering 19,623 km2 (7,576 sq mi), Kruger National Park is located in the northeastern South African provinces of Mpumalanga and Limpopo. It stretches 65 km (40 mi) from east to west and 360 km (220 mi) from north to south. Skukuza is home to the administrative headquarters. The South African Republic's government first protected portions of the park in 1898, and in 1926 it was designated as the country's first national park. It is a part of the biosphere reserve known as the Kruger to Canyons Biosphere. Kruger National Park is home to all five of the big game creatures and boasts 147 species of large mammals, more than any other game reserve in Africa. Webcams have been installed to watch the wildlife. There are believed to be just 400 African wild dog packs in all of South Africa, and Kruger is home to packs of these endangered animals. There is a reasonably consistent group of bird species from the park's southern to central regions, but the mopane-dominated flatlands north of the Olifants show a fall in richness.The larger birds of prey, on the other hand, breed during the dry winter, when their prey is most exposed, whereas the majority of species breed during the summer, when rainfall sustain the majority of vegetable and animal food. In 1918, Kruger National Park was declared, and a commission was formed to oversee its development and planning. A government officer named Johannes Andries (Dries) de Ridder served as the commission's first secretary. After 44 years in charge of the Kruger Park, Warden James Stevenson-Hamilton retired on April 30, 1946. Colonel J. A. B. Sandenbergh of the South African Air Force took his post. The government forcibly removed the Makuleke people from the northern portion of the park in 1969, and approximately 1500 of them were relocated to territory in the south so that their original tribal lands could be incorporated into the larger Kruger National Park. The famed Big Five (lion, leopard, elephant, rhinoceros, and buffalo) are among the remarkably diverse species that makes Kruger National Park famous. The park, which spans about two million hectares, draws tourists from all around the world with its unmatched wildlife viewing opportunities.